Material
|
Abbe Number
vd |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
(10-6/°C) |
Conductivity
(W/m°C) |
Heat Capacity
(J/gm°C) |
Density at 25°C
(gm/cm3) |
Knoop Hardness
(kg/mm2) |
Young's Modulus
(GPa) |
BK 7
|
64.17
|
7.1
|
1.114
|
0.858
|
2.51
|
610
|
81.5
|
SF 2
|
33.85
|
8.4
|
0.735
|
0.498
|
3.86
|
410
|
55
|
UV Fused Silica
|
67.8
|
0.52
|
1.38
|
0.75
|
2.202
|
600
|
73
|
CaF2
|
94.96
|
18.85
|
9.71
|
0.85
|
3.18
|
158
|
75.8
|
MgF2
|
106.18
|
13.7 || to c axis
8.48 ⊥ to c axis |
21 || to c axis
30 to ⊥ c axis |
1.024
|
3.177
|
415
|
138.5
|
Crystal Quartz
|
69.87
|
7.1 to || c axis
13.2 ⊥ to c axis |
10.4 || to c axis
6.2 ⊥ to c axis |
0.74
|
2.649
|
740
|
97 || to c axis
76.5 ⊥ to c axis |
Pyrex®
|
66
|
3.25
|
1.13
|
0.75
|
2.23
|
418
|
65.5
|
Zerodur®
|
56.09
|
0 ± 0.1
|
1.46
|
0.80
|
2.53
|
620
|
90.3
|
ZnSe
|
84.45
|
7.6
|
18.0
|
0.399
|
5.27
|
105
|
70
|
Material
|
Transmission Range
|
Cost
|
Features
|
BK 7
|
380–2100 nm
|
Low
|
High transmission for visible to near infrared applications, the most common optical glass
|
UV Fused Silica (UVFS)
|
195–2100 nm
|
Moderate
|
Excellent homogeneity and low thermal expansion, high laser damage resistance
|
CaF2
|
170–8000 nm
|
High
|
High transmission for deep UV to infrared applications
|
MgF2
|
150–6500 nm
|
High
|
Birefringent material, excellent for use in the deep UV to infrared
|
ZnSe
|
600–16000 nm
|
High
|
Excellent choice for IR lens due to its broad wavelength range. Perfect candidate to use with high power infrared laser due to its low absorption coefficient.
|
Wavelength
(nm) |
Source
|
BK 7
|
SF 2
|
UV Fused Silica
|
CaF2
|
MgF2
no |
MgF2
ne |
Crystal Quartz
no |
Crystal Quartz
ne |
193
|
ArF excimer laser
|
1.65528
|
1.52127
|
1.56077
|
1.50153
|
1.42767
|
1.44127
|
1.66091
|
1.67455
|
244
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.58265
|
1.98102
|
1.51086
|
1.46957
|
1.40447
|
1.41735
|
1.60439
|
1.61562
|
248
|
KrF excimer
|
1.57957
|
1.93639
|
1.50855
|
1.46803
|
1.40334
|
1.41618
|
1.60175
|
1.61289
|
257
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.57336
|
1.86967
|
1.50383
|
1.46488
|
1.40102
|
1.41377
|
1.59637
|
1.60731
|
266
|
Nd:YAG laser
|
1.56796
|
1.82737
|
1.49968
|
1.46209
|
1.39896
|
1.41164
|
1.59164
|
1.60242
|
308
|
XeCl excimer laser
|
1.55006
|
1.73604
|
1.48564
|
1.45255
|
1.39188
|
1.40429
|
1.57556
|
1.58577
|
325
|
HeCd laser
|
1.54505
|
1.71771
|
1.48164
|
1.44981
|
1.38983
|
1.40216
|
1.57097
|
1.58102
|
337.1
|
N2 laser
|
1.54202
|
1.70749
|
1.47919
|
1.44813
|
1.38858
|
1.40085
|
1.56817
|
1.57812
|
351
|
XeF excimer laser
|
1.53896
|
1.69778
|
1.47672
|
1.44642
|
1.38730
|
1.39952
|
1.56533
|
1.57518
|
351.1
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.53894
|
1.69771
|
1.47671
|
1.44641
|
1.38729
|
1.39951
|
1.56531
|
1.57516
|
354.7
|
Nd:YAG laser
|
1.53821
|
1.69548
|
1.47612
|
1.44601
|
1.38699
|
1.39920
|
1.56463
|
1.57446
|
363.8
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.53649
|
1.69029
|
1.47472
|
1.44504
|
1.38626
|
1.39844
|
1.56302
|
1.57279
|
404.7
|
Mercury arc, h line
|
1.53023
|
1.67263
|
1.46961
|
1.44151
|
1.38360
|
1.39567
|
1.55714
|
1.56670
|
416
|
Kr-Ion laser
|
1.52885
|
1.66893
|
1.46847
|
1.44072
|
1.38301
|
1.39505
|
1.55583
|
1.56535
|
435.8
|
Mercury arc,g line
|
1.52669
|
1.66331
|
1.46670
|
1.43949
|
1.38207
|
1.39408
|
1.55379
|
1.56323
|
441.6
|
HeCd laser
|
1.52611
|
1.66184
|
1.46622
|
1.43916
|
1.38183
|
1.39382
|
1.55324
|
1.56266
|
457.9
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52461
|
1.65807
|
1.46498
|
1.43830
|
1.38118
|
1.39314
|
1.55181
|
1.56119
|
465.8
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52395
|
1.65641
|
1.46443
|
1.43792
|
1.38088
|
1.39284
|
1.55118
|
1.56053
|
472.7
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52339
|
1.65505
|
1.46397
|
1.43760
|
1.38064
|
1.39258
|
1.55065
|
1.55998
|
476.5
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52309
|
1.65432
|
1.46372
|
1.43744
|
1.38051
|
1.39245
|
1.55036
|
1.55969
|
480
|
Cadmium arc, F’ line
|
1.52283
|
1.65367
|
1.46350
|
1.43728
|
1.38040
|
1.39233
|
1.55011
|
1.55943
|
486.1
|
Hydrogen arc, F line
|
1.52238
|
1.65258
|
1.46313
|
1.43703
|
1.38020
|
1.39212
|
1.54968
|
1.55898
|
488
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52224
|
1.65225
|
1.46301
|
1.43695
|
1.38014
|
1.39206
|
1.54955
|
1.55885
|
496.5
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52165
|
1.65083
|
1.46252
|
1.43661
|
1.37988
|
1.39179
|
1.54898
|
1.55826
|
501.7
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52130
|
1.65000
|
1.46223
|
1.43641
|
1.37973
|
1.39163
|
1.54865
|
1.55792
|
510.6
|
Cu vapor laser
|
1.52073
|
1.64865
|
1.46176
|
1.43609
|
1.37948
|
1.39137
|
1.54810
|
1.55735
|
514.5
|
Ar-Ion laser
|
1.52049
|
1.64808
|
1.46156
|
1.43595
|
1.37937
|
1.39126
|
1.54787
|
1.55711
|
532
|
Nd:YAG laser
|
1.51947
|
1.64570
|
1.46071
|
1.43537
|
1.37892
|
1.39079
|
1.54689
|
1.55610
|
543.5
|
HeNe laser
|
1.51886
|
1.64427
|
1.46019
|
1.43502
|
1.37865
|
1.39051
|
1.54630
|
1.55549
|
546.1
|
Mercury arc, e line
|
1.51872
|
1.64397
|
1.46008
|
1.43494
|
1.37859
|
1.39044
|
1.54617
|
1.55535
|
578.2
|
Cu vaport laser
|
1.51720
|
1.64053
|
1.45880
|
1.43408
|
1.37792
|
1.38974
|
1.54470
|
1.55383
|
587.6
|
Helium arc, d line
|
1.51680
|
1.63963
|
1.45846
|
1.43385
|
1.37774
|
1.38956
|
1.54431
|
1.55343
|
589.3
|
Sodium arc, D line
|
1.51673
|
1.63947
|
1.45840
|
1.43381
|
1.37771
|
1.38952
|
1.54424
|
1.55336
|
594.1
|
HeNe laser
|
1.51653
|
1.63904
|
1.45824
|
1.43370
|
1.37762
|
1.38943
|
1.54405
|
1.55316
|
611.9
|
HeNe laser
|
1.51584
|
1.63752
|
1.45765
|
1.43331
|
1.37732
|
1.38911
|
1.54337
|
1.55247
|
628
|
Ruby laser
|
1.51526
|
1.63626
|
1.45716
|
1.43298
|
1.37706
|
1.38884
|
1.54281
|
1.55188
|
632.8
|
HeNe laser
|
1.51509
|
1.63590
|
1.45702
|
1.43289
|
1.37698
|
1.38876
|
1.54264
|
1.55171
|
635
|
Laser diode
|
1.51501
|
1.63574
|
1.45695
|
1.43284
|
1.37695
|
1.38873
|
1.54257
|
1.55164
|
643.8
|
Cadmium arc, C' line
|
1.51472
|
1.63512
|
1.45671
|
1.43268
|
1.37682
|
1.38859
|
1.54228
|
1.55134
|
647.1
|
Kr-Ion laser
|
1.51461
|
1.63489
|
1.45661
|
1.43262
|
1.37677
|
1.38854
|
1.54218
|
1.55123
|
650
|
Laser diode
|
1.51452
|
1.63469
|
1.45653
|
1.43257
|
1.37673
|
1.38850
|
1.54209
|
1.55114
|
656.3
|
Hydrogen arc, C line
|
1.51432
|
1.63427
|
1.45637
|
1.43246
|
1.37664
|
1.38840
|
1.54189
|
1.55093
|
670
|
Laser diode
|
1.51391
|
1.63340
|
1.45601
|
1.43223
|
1.37646
|
1.38821
|
1.54148
|
1.55051
|
676.4
|
Kr-Ion laser
|
1.51372
|
1.63301
|
1.45585
|
1.43212
|
1.37637
|
1.38812
|
1.54130
|
1.55032
|
694.3
|
Ruby laser
|
1.51322
|
1.63198
|
1.45542
|
1.43185
|
1.37615
|
1.38789
|
1.54080
|
1.54981
|
750
|
Laser diode
|
1.51184
|
1.62922
|
1.45424
|
1.43109
|
1.37553
|
1.38724
|
1.53943
|
1.54839
|
780
|
Laser diode
|
1.51118
|
1.62796
|
1.45367
|
1.43074
|
1.37524
|
1.38693
|
1.53878
|
1.54771
|
830
|
Laser diode
|
1.51020
|
1.62613
|
1.45282
|
1.43023
|
1.37480
|
1.38647
|
1.53779
|
1.54668
|
850
|
Laser diode
|
1.50984
|
1.62548
|
1.45250
|
1.43004
|
1.37464
|
1.38630
|
1.53742
|
1.54630
|
852.1
|
Cesium arc, s line
|
1.50980
|
1.62541
|
1.45247
|
1.43002
|
1.37462
|
1.38628
|
1.53739
|
1.54626
|
905
|
Laser diode
|
1.50892
|
1.62387
|
1.45168
|
1.42957
|
1.37422
|
1.38586
|
1.53648
|
1.54532
|
980
|
Laser diode
|
1.50779
|
1.62202
|
1.45067
|
1.42902
|
1.37371
|
1.38533
|
1.53531
|
1.54409
|
1014
|
Mercury arc, t line
|
1.50731
|
1.62128
|
1.45024
|
1.42879
|
1.37350
|
1.38510
|
1.53481
|
1.54357
|
1053
|
Nd:YLF laser
|
1.50678
|
1.62049
|
1.44976
|
1.42854
|
1.37326
|
1.38485
|
1.53425
|
1.54299
|
1060
|
Nd:Glass laser
|
1.50669
|
1.62035
|
1.44968
|
1.42850
|
1.37322
|
1.38480
|
1.53415
|
1.54288
|
1064
|
Nd:YAG laser
|
1.50663
|
1.62028
|
1.44963
|
1.42848
|
1.37319
|
1.38478
|
1.53410
|
1.54282
|
1300
|
Laser diode
|
1.50370
|
1.61644
|
1.44692
|
1.42721
|
1.37188
|
1.38338
|
1.53094
|
1.53950
|
1320
|
Nd:YAG laser
|
1.50346
|
1.61616
|
1.44669
|
1.42711
|
1.37177
|
1.38327
|
1.53068
|
1.53922
|
1550
|
Laser diode
|
1.50065
|
1.61312
|
1.44402
|
1.42602
|
1.37052
|
1.38194
|
1.52761
|
1.53596
|
1970.1
|
Mercury arc
|
1.49495
|
1.60780
|
1.43852
|
1.42401
|
1.36803
|
1.37928
|
1.52138
|
1.52932
|
2100
|
Ho:YAG laser
|
1.49296
|
1.60608
|
1.43659
|
1.42334
|
1.36718
|
1.37837
|
1.51924
|
1.52703
|
2325.4
|
Mercury arc
|
1.48921
|
1.60291
|
1.43293
|
1.42212
|
1.36559
|
1.37667
|
1.51524
|
1.52277
|
2940
|
Er:YAG laser
|
1.47670
|
1.59273
|
1.42065
|
1.41827
|
1.36051
|
1.37123
|
1.50246
|
1.50908
|